Comparative study of proximate, amino acids and fatty acids of Moringa oleifera tree

Comparative study of proximate, amino acids and fatty acids of Moringa oleifera tree

2013

E07100

Proximate, amino acids and fatty acids compositions of the leaves, stem and root were determined in Moringa oleifera. The proximate composition was determined in fresh samples while other parameters were determined on dry weight basis. Both crude protein and total ash followed the trend of (g/100 g): leaves > root > stem but the soluble carbohydrate had a trend of root > stem > leaves. Leaves had the highest level of total amino acids (76.4 g/100 g) and followed by the root (70.9 g/100 g) while stem had 65.4 g/100 g. For the EAA, it was 35.4 g/100 g (leaves) > 28.4 g/100 g (root) > 26.3 g/100 g (stem). The total sulphur amino acid was generally low at 2.81-3.06 g/100 g but the % Cys in TSAA was\n slightly high at 48.5-51.6 %. In the amino acids scores, the following amino acids had scores greater than 1.0 in comparison with whole hen’s egg: Gly (1.56-1.97), Glu (1.15-1.28), and Cys (1.14-1.16) whereas Met was the limiting amino acid in each of the three samples with values of 0.31 (leaves), 0.23 (stem) and 0.30 (root); in the pre-school children requirements, these amino acids had scores greater than 1.0: Met + Cys (1.12-1.22), Phe + Tyr (1.04-1.11) and His (1.02-1.08) whereas Lys was the limiting amino acid with values of 0.57 (leaves), 0.64 (stem) and 0.63 (root); on the provisional amino acid scoring pattern, only Phe + Tyr had scores greater than 1.0: Phe + Tyr (1.17, leaves), 1.09 (stem) and 1.10 (root), Val was the limiting amino acid here: 0.63 (leaves), 0.62 (stem) and 0.69 (root). P-PER had values of 1.60-1.72 and EAAI had values of 0.86-0.93. The samples were basically acidic with pI values of 5.4 to 5.8. The most concentrated fatty acid was SFA with values of (%): 97.5 (stem) > 58.0 (leaves) > 53.8 (root). Predominant MUFA was in root with a trend of (%): 38.7 (root) > 4.61 (leaves) > 1.00 (stem) and in PUFA, trend was 37.4 (leaves) > 7.54 (root) > 1.20 (stem). Under the fatty acid parameters, leaves were best in 4/6 (66.7 %) in EPSI, PUFA, PUFA/SFA and MUFA + PUFA whereas root was best in 2/6 (33.3 %) in LA/ALA and MUFA/SFA.

54:12543-12554, ELIXIR

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