Methyl bromide alternatives for controlling Meloidogyne incognita in pepper cultivars in the Eastern Mediterranean region of Turkey

Methyl bromide alternatives for controlling Meloidogyne incognita in pepper cultivars in the Eastern Mediterranean region of Turkey

2007

REP.PP-0657

The efficacy of soil solarization in combination with Trichoderma spp. (S+Tr), dazomet (S+D, at 300, 400 and 500 kg/ha) and fresh chicken manure (S+CM, at 12.5 t/ha) as methyl bromide (MB) alternatives against root-knot nematodes (M. incognita) on 5 pepper (Capsicum annuum) cultivars (Amazon F1, Donna F1, Banko 07 F1, C. Madison F1 and Kazanl Sivrisi F1) was investigated in plastic greenhouses (PG) in the eastern Mediterranean Region of Turkey in 5 parallel experiments in summer 2000 and in one experiment in summer 2001. Trichoderma spp. was applied twice with one-month interval. In 2000, Promot Plus (Trichoderma koningii at 3x107 cfu/g dry weight and T. harzianum at 2x107 cfu/g dry weight) was applied to the seedlings' compost at a concentration of 50 g/20 l. Later, the plants were transferred to solarized plots, and the second Promot Plus treatment was applied through irrigation system at 2 kg/ha to each PG. In 2001, T-22 Planter Box (T. harzianum Rifai strain KRL-AG2 at 1x107 cfu/g dry weight) was applied to the seedlings' compost at 50 g/20 l. Then, the plants were transferred to solarized plots. Soil solarization for 6 weeks increased soil temperature by 8.4 and 7.8 degrees C at 10 cm soil depth in 2000 and 2001, respectively. Second stage juvenile (J2) populations of M. incognita were efficiently decreased by S+Tr, S+D300, S+D400, S+D500, S+CM, and MB treatments until 16 May in the first and second years. However, the J2 population began to increase after February in the untreated control plots. Root gall indices were low (0.7-1.9) in all the treatments, except for the untreated control where the gall index was ~6 (0-10 galling index scale). All the alternative treatments to MB effectively suppressed the damage of root-knot nematodes during the entire vegetation period. The yield values were not significantly different between the alternative treatments and MB.

v.31(1):31-40, TURKISH JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY

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