Antimicrotubule herbicides for in vitro chromosome doubling in Beta vulgaris L. ovule culture

Antimicrotubule herbicides for in vitro chromosome doubling in Beta vulgaris L. ovule culture

1998

A:PS

Chromosome doubling during ovule culture of sugar and fodder beets (B. vulgaris) was studied using the anti-microtubule herbicides amiprofos-methyl (APM), oryzalin, pronamide [propyzamide] and trifluralin. The best results were obtained by treatment of ovules with 100 ? APM, which produced 4.7 diploid plants/100 ovules. The highest degree of chromosome doubling for the other herbicides were 1 ?, 10 ? and 10 ? for oryzalin (2.8 diploid plants/100 ovules), trifluralin (2.0) and pronamide (2.0), respectively. APM treatments showed relatively low toxicity on embryo formation, which in combination with a high chromosome doubling effect, resulted in up to 89 diploids/100 plants regenerated. Oryzalin and trifluralin had more severe toxic effects which reduced embryo formation and lower percentages of chromosome doubled plants were therefore obtained from these treatments. Pronamide had no significant toxic effects, but it induced chromosome doubling at lower frequencies. Compared to colchicine, APM appears to be as efficient for chromosome doubling during beet ovule culture, but at molar concentrations 100 times lower than those used with colchicine.

v.101(2):231-237, EUPHYTICA

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