Tomato fruitworm (Helicoverpa armigera Hübner) is a major production constraint to cultivated tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) in the tropics and subtropics. Developing pest-resistant cultivars would be an alternative control approach, and contribute to a reduction in the misuse of chemical pesticides in tomato production. Here, molecular markers, glandular trichomes and acylsugars associated with tomato fruitworm resistance were investigated. A total of 200 F2 plants derived from the interspecific hybridization between WorldVeg breeding lines S. lycopersicum CLN3682C and S. pimpinellifolium VI030462 were genotyped using 8 putative resistance loci previously identified for whitefly resistance on chromosomes 3, 5, 6, 7, 9 and 11. The same plants, along with resistant and susceptible parents, their F1, and susceptible check tomato line, were bioassayed for larval mortality, larval weight, pupal duration, and egg number using a no-choice test at 7 and 13 weeks after sowing. The results show that the mortality rate of larvae feeding on F2 populations for 10 days positively correlated with density of type IV trichomes in 7-week-old plants. Type IV trichomes and acylsugar production showed recessive gene action, because the F1 was skewed strongly toward the susceptible parent. A total of 12, 2, 3, 1 and 9 CAPS markers in 4 regions were significantly associated with the density of type IV trichomes, larval mortality, pupal duration, larval weight and acylsugars, respectively. More studies are underway to confirm these markers in F3 and BC1F2 populations, which would be very useful for marker-assisted selection in our breeding program for insect resistance.