In a multi-storey cropping system crops of different heights are grown together, for example pumpkin (ground cover), pigeon pea (shrub) and mango (tree) in a homegarden; or coffee with vegetables underneath. The crops are grown at the same time on the same piece of land and hence using land, water, and space most efficiently and economically. Advantages: Introducing and intensifying vegetable production in multi-storey cropping systems can be a solution to improve human nutrition of smallholder families; multi-storey cropping systems can also increase land-use efficiency in areas where additional land for agricultural expansion is not available; additional land is especially difficult to obtain in biodiversity hotspots and in the neighbourhood of biosphere reserves; multi-storey cropping systems can be highly productive; yields on small plots can be maximised using a multi-storey cropping system including fruit trees and with vegetables in the lowest layer; and mixed cropping systems, in most cases, have lower pest infestations than monocultures. Also available in Oromifa, a local language in Ethiopia.